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Users to Draw Lines Boxes

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Unicode block group

The character ─ redirects here. It is not to be confused with the em-nuance, —

Box-drawing characters, also known as line-drawing characters, are a class of semigraphics widely used in text user interfaces to draw various geometric frames and boxes. Box-drawing characters typically simply work well with monospaced fonts. In graphical user interfaces, these characters are much less useful as information technology is more uncomplicated and appropriate to draw lines and rectangles directly with graphical APIs. However, they are still useful for command-line interfaces and plaintext comments inside source code.

Used forth with box-drawing characters are cake elements, shade characters, and terminal graphic characters. These can be used for filling regions of the screen and portraying drop shadows.

Encodings [edit]

Unicode [edit]

Box Drawing [edit]

Unicode includes 128 such characters in the Box Drawing block.[one] In many Unicode fonts simply the subset that is also available in the IBM PC character set (see below) will be, due to information technology being defined as part of the WGL4 graphic symbol fix.

Box Drawing [1]
Official Unicode Consortium code chart (PDF)
0 ane 2 iii 4 5 vi 7 viii ix A B C D E F
U+250x ─ ━ │ ┃ ┄ ┅ ┆ ┇ ┈ ┉ ┊ ┋ ┌ ┍ ┎ ┏
U+251x ┐ ┑ ┒ ┓ └ ┕ ┖ ┗ ┘ ┙ ┚ ┛ ├ ┝ ┞ ┟
U+252x ┠ ┡ ┢ ┣ ┤ ┥ ┦ ┧ ┨ ┩ ┪ ┫ ┬ ┭ ┮ ┯
U+253x ┰ ┱ ┲ ┳ ┴ ┵ ┶ ┷ ┸ ┹ ┺ ┻ ┼ ┽ ┾ ┿
U+254x ╀ ╁ ╂ ╃ ╄ ╅ ╆ ╇ ╈ ╉ ╊ ╋ ╌ ╍ ╎ ╏
U+255x ═ ║ ╒ ╓ ╔ ╕ ╖ ╗ ╘ ╙ ╚ ╛ ╜ ╝ ╞ ╟
U+256x ╠ ╡ ╢ ╣ ╤ ╥ ╦ ╧ ╨ ╩ ╪ ╫ ╬ ╭ ╮ ╯
U+257x ╰ ╱ ╲ ╳ ╴ ╵ ╶ ╷ ╸ ╹ ╺ ╻ ╼ ╽ ╾ ╿
Notes
1. ^ As of Unicode version 14.0

The epitome beneath is provided equally a quick reference for these symbols on systems that are unable to brandish them straight:

Unicode Box Drawings (2500 - 27FF).svg

Block Elements [edit]

The Block Elements Unicode cake includes shading characters. 32 characters are included in the block.

Block Elements [1]
Official Unicode Consortium code nautical chart (PDF)
0 1 2 iii iv 5 6 7 8 ix A B C D E F
U+258x ▀ ▁ ▂ ▃ ▄ ▅ ▆ ▇ █ ▉ ▊ ▋ ▌ ▍ ▎ ▏
U+259x ▐ ░ ▒ ▓ ▔ ▕ ▖ ▗ ▘ ▙ ▚ ▛ ▜ ▝ ▞ ▟
Notes
1. ^ As of Unicode version 14.0

Symbols for Legacy Computing [edit]

In version 13.0, Unicode was extended with another block containing many graphics characters, Symbols for Legacy Computing, which includes a few box-cartoon characters and other symbols used by obsolete operating systems (mostly from the 1980s):

Symbols for Legacy Computing [i] [2]
Official Unicode Consortium code chart (PDF)
0 1 two iii 4 five half dozen vii 8 9 A B C D E F
U+1FB0x 🬀 🬁 🬂 🬃 🬄 🬅 🬆 🬇 🬈 🬉 🬊 🬋 🬌 🬍 🬎 🬏
U+1FB1x 🬐 🬑 🬒 🬓 🬔 🬕 🬖 🬗 🬘 🬙 🬚 🬛 🬜 🬝 🬞 🬟
U+1FB2x 🬠 🬡 🬢 🬣 🬤 🬥 🬦 🬧 🬨 🬩 🬪 🬫 🬬 🬭 🬮 🬯
U+1FB3x 🬰 🬱 🬲 🬳 🬴 🬵 🬶 🬷 🬸 🬹 🬺 🬻 🬼 🬽 🬾 🬿
U+1FB4x 🭀 🭁 🭂 🭃 🭄 🭅 🭆 🭇 🭈 🭉 🭊 🭋 🭌 🭍 🭎 🭏
U+1FB5x 🭐 🭑 🭒 🭓 🭔 🭕 🭖 🭗 🭘 🭙 🭚 🭛 🭜 🭝 🭞 🭟
U+1FB6x 🭠 🭡 🭢 🭣 🭤 🭥 🭦 🭧 🭨 🭩 🭪 🭫 🭬 🭭 🭮 🭯
U+1FB7x 🭰 🭱 🭲 🭳 🭴 🭵 🭶 🭷 🭸 🭹 🭺 🭻 🭼 🭽 🭾 🭿
U+1FB8x 🮀 🮁 🮂 🮃 🮄 🮅 🮆 🮇 🮈 🮉 🮊 🮋 🮌 🮍 🮎 🮏
U+1FB9x 🮐 🮑 🮒 🮔 🮕 🮖 🮗 🮘 🮙 🮚 🮛 🮜 🮝 🮞 🮟
U+1FBAx 🮠 🮡 🮢 🮣 🮤 🮥 🮦 🮧 🮨 🮩 🮪 🮫 🮬 🮭 🮮 🮯
U+1FBBx 🮰 🮱 🮲 🮳 🮴 🮵 🮶 🮷 🮸 🮹 🮺 🮻 🮼 🮽 🮾 🮿
U+1FBCx 🯀 🯁 🯂 🯃 🯄 🯅 🯆 🯇 🯈 🯉 🯊
U+1FBDx
U+1FBEx
U+1FBFx 🯰 🯱 🯲 🯳 🯴 🯵 🯶 🯷 🯸 🯹
Notes
one. ^ Every bit of Unicode version xiv.0
2. ^ Grey areas betoken non-assigned code points

The epitome below is provided as a quick reference for these symbols on systems that are unable to display them straight:

Symbols for Legacy Computing Unicode block.png

DOS [edit]

The hardware lawmaking folio of the original IBM PC supplied the following box-drawing characters, in what DOS now calls code page 437. This subset of the Unicode box-cartoon characters is thus far more popular and likely to exist rendered correctly:

0 1 2 3 4 five 6 7 viii 9 A B C D E F
B │ ┤ ╡ ╢ ╖ ╕ ╣ ║ ╗ ╝ ╜ ╛ ┐
C └ ┴ ┬ ├ ─ ┼ ╞ ╟ ╚ ╔ ╩ ╦ ╠ ═ ╬ ╧
D ╨ ╤ ╥ ╙ ╘ ╒ ╓ ╫ ╪ ┘ ┌

Their number is further express to 22 on those code pages that supervene upon the eighteen characters that combine unmarried and double lines with other, unremarkably alphabetic, characters (such as lawmaking page 850):

0 1 two three 4 5 vi 7 8 9 A B C D E F
B │ ┤ ╣ ║ ╗ ╝ ┐
C └ ┴ ┬ ├ ─ ┼ ╚ ╔ ╩ ╦ ╠ ═ ╬
D ┘ ┌

Annotation: The non-double characters are the thin (light) characters (U+2500, U+2502), not the bold (heavy) characters (U+2501, U+2503).

Some OEM DOS computers supported other graphic symbol sets, for example the Hewlett-Packard HP 110 / HP Portable and HP 110 Plus / HP Portable Plus, where in a modified version of the character set box-cartoon characters were added in reserved areas of their normal HP Roman-8 grapheme set.[ii] [iii]

[2] [3] 0 1 two iii 4 5 6 7 8 ix A B C D East F
8 ╝ ╗ ╔ ╚ ╣ ╩ ╦ ╠ ═ ║ ╬
9 ┘ ┐ ┌ └ ┤ ┴ ┬ ├ ─ │ ┼

Unix, CP/1000, Bbs [edit]

On many Unix systems and early dial-up bulletin board systems the but common standard for box-drawing characters was the VT100 alternate character set (see also: DEC Special Graphics). The escape sequence Esc ( 0 switched the codes for lower-case ASCII messages to draw this ready, and the sequence Esc ( B switched back:

0 1 ii 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F
six ┘ ┐ ┌ └ ┼
7 ─ ├ ┤ ┴ ┬ │

A Bash script that displays all of the semigraphic characters: 

                        $                        for            i            in            6a 6b 6c 6d 6e            71            74            75            76            77            78            ;            do            printf            "0x            $i                          \10            $i                          \x1b(0\x            $i            \x1b(B\northward"            ;            washed            0x6a j ┘            0x6b k ┐            0x6c l ┌            0x6d m └            0x6e n ┼            0x71 q ─            0x74 t ├            0x75 u ┤            0x76 5 ┴            0x77 westward ┬            0x78 ten │

On some terminals, these characters are non available at all, and the complexity of the escape sequences discouraged their use, so often only ASCII characters that guess box-cartoon characters are used, such every bit - (hyphen-minus), | (vertical bar), _(underscore), =(equal sign) and + (plus sign) in a kind of ASCII fine art fashion.

Modern Unix last emulators use Unicode and thus take access to the line-cartoon characters listed in a higher place.

Historical [edit]

Many microcomputers of the 1970s and 1980s had their own proprietary character sets, which also included box-drawing characters. Some of these sets, such as Commodore'south PETSCII, include box-drawing symbols with no corresponding Unicode grapheme.

Sinclair [edit]

The Sinclair ZX80, ZX81 and Spectrum included a fix of text semigraphics with cake elements and dithering patterns in the ZX80 character set.

ZX81 semigraphics

BBC and Acorn [edit]

The BBC Micro could apply the Teletext seven-bit character set, which had 128 box-drawing characters, whose code points were shared with the regular alphanumeric and punctuation characters. Control characters were used to switch between regular text and box cartoon.[four]

Teletext G1 Block Mosaics Set:[5]

0 one 2 three 4 five 6 7 8 ix A B C D E F
2 NBSP TRS-80 character 0x81.png TRS-80 character 0x82.png TRS-80 character 0x83.png TRS-80 character 0x84.png TRS-80 character 0x85.png TRS-80 character 0x86.png TRS-80 character 0x87.png TRS-80 character 0x88.png TRS-80 character 0x89.png TRS-80 character 0x8A.png TRS-80 character 0x8B.png TRS-80 character 0x8C.png TRS-80 character 0x8D.png TRS-80 character 0x8E.png TRS-80 character 0x8F.png
three TRS-80 character 0x90.png TRS-80 character 0x91.png TRS-80 character 0x92.png TRS-80 character 0x93.png TRS-80 character 0x94.png TRS-80 character 0x95.png TRS-80 character 0x96.png TRS-80 character 0x97.png TRS-80 character 0x98.png TRS-80 character 0x99.png TRS-80 character 0x9A.png TRS-80 character 0x9B.png TRS-80 character 0x9C.png TRS-80 character 0x9D.png TRS-80 character 0x9E.png TRS-80 character 0x9F.png
vi TRS-80 character 0xA0.png TRS-80 character 0xA1.png TRS-80 character 0xA2.png TRS-80 character 0xA3.png TRS-80 character 0xA4.png TRS-80 character 0xA5.png TRS-80 character 0xA6.png TRS-80 character 0xA7.png TRS-80 character 0xA8.png TRS-80 character 0xA9.png TRS-80 character 0xAA.png TRS-80 character 0xAB.png TRS-80 character 0xAC.png TRS-80 character 0xAD.png TRS-80 character 0xAE.png TRS-80 character 0xAF.png
seven TRS-80 character 0xB0.png TRS-80 character 0xB1.png TRS-80 character 0xB2.png TRS-80 character 0xB3.png TRS-80 character 0xB4.png TRS-80 character 0xB5.png TRS-80 character 0xB6.png TRS-80 character 0xB7.png TRS-80 character 0xB8.png TRS-80 character 0xB9.png TRS-80 character 0xBA.png TRS-80 character 0xBB.png TRS-80 character 0xBC.png TRS-80 character 0xBD.png TRS-80 character 0xBE.png TRS-80 character 0xBF.png

The BBC Chief and subsequently Acorn computers take the soft font by default divers with line drawing characters.

0 1 ii 3 4 5 6 vii 8 9 A B C D E F
A ╷ ╶ ┌ ╴ ┐ ─ ┬ ╵ │ └ ├ ┘ ┤ ┴ ┼
B ╭ ╮ ╰ ╯

Amstrad [edit]

The Amstrad CPC character set besides has soft characters defined by default equally block and line drawing characters.

0 1 ii 3 4 5 6 seven 8 ix A B C D E F
8 ▘ ▝ ▀ ▖ ▍ ▞ ▛ ▗ ▚ ▐ ▜ ▃ ▙ ▟ ▉
9 ╵ ╶ └ ╷ │ ┌ ├ ╴ ┘ ─ ┴ ┐ ┤ ┬ ┼

The CP/M Plus grapheme set used on various Amstrad computers of the CPC, PCW and Spectrum families included a rich set of line-drawing characters also:[6] [vii] [viii]

[6] 0 1 2 3 four 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F
eight ╧ ╟ ╚ ╤ ║ ╔ ╠ ╢ ╝ ═ ╩ ╗ ╣ ╦ ╬
9 ╵ ╶ └ ╷ │ ┌ ├ ╴ ┘ ─ ┴ ┐ ┤ ┬ ┼

Apple [edit]

MouseText is a set of display characters for the Apple tree IIc, IIe, and IIgs that includes box-drawing characters.

Teletext [edit]

The World Organization Teletext (WST) uses pixel-cartoon characters for some graphics. A character cell is divided in 2×3 regions, and 2vi = 64 code positions are allocated for all possible combinations of pixels.[nine] These characters were added to the Unicode standard in Version 13.[x]

Others [edit]

Some recent embedded systems also utilize proprietary character sets, usually extensions to ISO 8859 grapheme sets, which include box-cartoon characters or other special symbols.

Character code [edit]

On many platforms, the character shape is determined programmatically from the character lawmaking.

  • ZX Spectrum block characters:
    0x80 + topright*ane + topleft*2 + bottomright*four + bottomleft*8
  • Amstrad CPC block characters:
    0x80 + topleft*1 + topright*two + bottomleft*4 + bottomright*8
  • Amstrad CPC line characters:
    0x90 + upwardly*1 + right*2 + down*4 + left*8
  • BBC Master line characters:
    0xA0 + downwardly*i + right*two + left*4 + up*8
  • Teletext block characters:
    0xA0 + topleft*1 + topright*2 + middleleft*4 + middleright*8 + bottomleft*16 + bottomright*64
  • DOS line describe characters are non ordered in any programmatic manner, and calculating a detail character shape needs to use a look-up tabular array.

Examples [edit]

Sample diagrams made out of the standard box-cartoon characters, using a monospaced font: 

┌─┬┐  ╔═╦╗  ╓─╥╖  ╒═╤╕ │ ││  ║ ║║  ║ ║║  │ ││ ├─┼┤  ╠═╬╣  ╟─╫╢  ╞═╪╡ └─┴┘  ╚═╩╝  ╙─╨╜  ╘═╧╛ ┌───────────────────┐ │  ╔═══╗ Some Text  │▒ │  ╚═╦═╝ in the box │▒ ╞═╤══╩══╤═══════════╡▒ │ ├──┬──┤           │▒ │ └──┴──┘           │▒ └───────────────────┘▒  ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒

See also [edit]

  • Unicode symbols
  • Dingbat
  • Box Cartoon (Unicode Block)
  • Cake Elements (Unicode Block)
  • Geometric Shapes (Unicode Block)
  • List of Unicode characters
  • Text-based (calculating)
  • Text semigraphics
  • ASCII fine art and ANSI art
  • MouseText

References [edit]

  1. ^ Box Drawing U+2500-U+257F, The Unicode Standard Code Charts
  2. ^ a b Hewlett-Packard - Technical Reference Manual - Portable PLUS (ane ed.). Corvallis, OR, USA: Hewlett-Packard Company, Portable Calculator Division. August 1985. 45559-90001. Retrieved 2016-11-27 .
  3. ^ a b Hewlett-Packard - Technical Reference Manual - Portable PLUS (PDF) (two ed.). Portable Computer Sectionalization, Corvallis, OR, USA: Hewlett-Packard Company. Dec 1986 [August 1985]. 45559-90006. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2016-11-28. Retrieved 2016-xi-27 .
  4. ^ Broadcast Teletext Specification, September 1976 (equally HTML or scans of original document)
  5. ^ https://world wide web.etsi.org/deliver/etsi_i_ets/300700_300799/300706/01_60/ets_300706e01p.pdf#page=126[ bare URL PDF ]
  6. ^ a b "Appendix II: CP/1000 Plus character sets / II.1 The consummate graphic symbol set (Language 0)". Spectrum +3 CP/Yard Plus transmission (User Manual). Archived from the original on 2009-10-fifteen. Retrieved 2017-07-10 . [1]
  7. ^ Elliott, John C. (2015-04-04). "Amstrad Extended BIOS Internals". Seasip.info. Archived from the original on 2017-07-fifteen. Retrieved 2017-07-15 .
  8. ^ "Amstrad CP/M Plus character set". Archived from the original on 2017-07-xv. Retrieved 2017-07-fifteen .
  9. ^ Wiels. "TeleText - Het Protocol" (in Dutch). Mosaic characters. Archived from the original on 2017-12-22. Retrieved 2017-12-21 .
  10. ^ "Symbols for Legacy Computing" (PDF). Unicode Consortium . Retrieved 2020-04-19 .

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Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Box-drawing_character

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